German States, Julich-Berg

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Jülich-Berg and Cleves-Mark were ruled separately until they were joined by the 1510 marriage of John III of Cleves-Mark and Maria of Jülich-Berg. The states were joined from 1521 until the line lapsed in 1609. In 1614, Pfalz-Neuberg obtained Jülich-Berg and Brandenburg Cleves and Mark.

Cleve and Mark in 1789, from Putzger's atlas

minors

thalers

gold issues

Herford

county of Ravensberg

Werden and Helmstaedt