Bavaria (1338) chaise d'or Fr-176

From CoinVarieties
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Künker sale 264, lot 3562
from the Stack's Bowers 2018 NYINC sale, lot 20266
Bavaria SB118-20266r.jpg
Heritage sale 61253, lot 99140
H61253-99140r.jpg
Jean Elsen sale 154, lot 1245

The first specimen was lot 3562 in Künker sale 264 (Osnabrück, June 2015), where it sold for €1,600 (about US$2,067 including buyer's fees). The catalog description[1] noted,

"HERZOGTUM, Ludwig IV. der Bayer, 1314-1347. Goldener Schild (Chaise d'or) o. J. Antwerpen. Kaiserliche Prägung nach 1338. GOLD. Attraktives Exemplar, min. Prägeschwäche, sehr schön +. (duchy of Bavaria, Louis IV, 1314-47, undated gold chaise d'or, Antwerp mint. Imperial issue around 1338. Attractive, cleaned, very fine or better.)

Ludwig IV. geboren 1282 in München, gehört zu den Mitgliedern des Hauses Wittelsbach, die reichspolitisch größte Bedeutung erlangten und die deutsche Kaiserkrone erhielten. Er befand sich dadurch im Dauerkonflikt mit einer ganzen Reihe diverser Parteien, darunter seinem eigenen Bruder Rudolf. Am stärksten war die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Haus Habsburg und dessen Königskandidaten Friedrich dem Schönen. Mit einer Stimme Mehrheit wurde der bayerische Herzog Ludwig IV. am 20. Oktober 1314 zum deutschen König gewählt. Dies führte sofort zu einem militärischen Konflikt mit Friedrich dem Schönen von Habsburg, den Ludwig IV. der Bayer in der Schlacht von Mühldorf 1322 für sich entscheiden konnte. Die Familienstreitigkeiten im eigenen Haus Wittelsbach konnte der König mit dem Hausvertrag von Pavia vom 4. August 1329 beilegen. Ludwig überließ seinen Neffen Ruprecht I. und Rudolf II. die Pfalz und die Gebiete um Amberg, die später Oberpfalz genannt wurden. Der König behielt für sich und seine Erben Oberbayern. Dadurch wurde die Spaltung des Hauses Wittelsbach in eine bayerische und eine pfälzische Hauptlinie begründet, die bis zum kinderlosen Tod des Kurfürsten Maximilian III. Joseph 1777 andauerte. Das Kurfürstenamt sollte nach dem Hausvertrag von Pavia abwechselnd von der Pfalz und von Bayern ausgeübt werden. Ständige Gegner Ludwigs des Bayern blieben die Päpste Johannes XXII. und Benedikt XII. die Ludwigs Königtum ohne päpstliche Approbation nicht anerkennen wollten. Diesen Streit trieb Ludwig auf die Spitze, indem er sich am 17. Januar 1328 von dem Laien Sciarra Colonna als Repräsentanten des römischen Volkes die Kaiserkrone aufsetzen ließ. Kaiser Ludwig IV. der Bayer, der durch seine zweite Ehe mit Margarethe von Holland die Gebiete Holland, Seeland, Friesland und Hennegau erhielt, geriet im Laufe der 40er Jahre des 14. Jahrhunderts immer stärker in Bedrängnis und verlor schließlich auch die für ihn wesentliche Unterstützung des bedeutenden Hauses Luxemburg. Der Kaiser mußte noch die Wahl des Luxemburger Gegenkönigs Karl von Böhmen am 11. Juli 1346 miterleben, bevor er am 11. Oktober 1347 bei Fürstenfeldbruck auf der Jagd starb. (Ludwig IV was born 1282 in Munich and became one of the most prominent members of the Wittelsbach dynasty and received the German imperial crown. He was thus in constant conflict with a whole range of various parties, including his own brother Rudolf. Most serious was the confrontation with the House of Habsburg and its royal candidate Frederick the Fair. With a majority of one, the Bavarian duke Ludwig IV was elected German king on October 20, 1314. This immediately led to a military conflict with Frederick. Ludwig IV of Bavaria defeated Frederick in the Battle of Mühldorf in 1322. The Wittelsbach family disputes were settled internally by the Treaty of Pavia of 4 August 1329. Ludwig gave his nephews Ruprecht I and Rudolf II, the Palatinate and the areas around Amberg, which were later called the Upper Palatinate. The king kept Upper Bavaria for himself and his heirs. This division of the House of Wittelsbach in a Bavarian and Palatine main line lasted until the death without heirs of the Elector Maximilian III Joseph in 1777. By the Treaty of Pavia, the Electoral Office would be held alternately by the Palatinate and of Bavaria. Ludwig of Bavaria remained a permanent opponent of the popes John XXII and Benedict XII. Louis was refused papal approbation of the monarchy. This dispute drove Louis to the extreme, by letting himself be crowned on January 17, 1328 by the Roman layman Sciarra Colonna as representative of the Roman people. Emperor Louis IV, who received the provinces of Holland, Zeeland, Friesland and Hainaut by his second marriage with Margaret of Holland, came during the 1340's increasingly in distress and eventually lost the essential support of the house of Luxembourg. The emperor had still the support of Luxembourg against King Karl of Bohemia witnessed on 11 July 1346 before he died while hunting on October 11, 1347 in Fuerstenfeldbruck.)"

The second specimen was lot 20266 in Stack's Bowers 2018 NYINC sale (New York, January 2018), where it sold for $4,800. The catalog description[2] noted,

"GERMANY. Bavaria. Chaise d'Or, ND. Antwerp Mint. Ludwig IV (1314-47). NGC MS-65. Ludwig IV seated on Gothic throne facing, holding sword and shield; Reverse: Ornate floriate cross within quadrilobe. Bidders may wonder why a supposedly Bavarian coin would so closely resemble a French pavillion d'or or royal d'or of Philippe VI. Ludwig IV was, in addition to being duke of Bavaria, also margrave of Brandenburg, emperor of Germany, count palatine of the Rhine and count of Hainaut, Holland, Zeeland and Friesland. It was in this last capacity that these coins were struck in Antwerp, which had very close trading ties with France. This gem seems to have been carefully preserved since its creation, being fully struck with complete rims and no planchet flaws or signs of cleaning. A wonderful example destined for a world class collection."

The third specimen was lot 99140 in Heritage sale 61253 (Dallas, January 2022), where it sold for $2,640. The catalog description[3] noted,

"Brabant. Jean III (1312-1355) gold Chaise d'Or ND (1338) AU53 NGC, Antwerp mint, Struck in the name of Emperor Louis IV of Bavaria. +LVDOVICVS: DЄI • | • GRA • | • ROИAnORVM: IHP' (saltire and double saltire stops), Louis, crowned, seated facing on Gothic throne, sword in right hand, resting left on shield of Bavaria; all within tressure with trefoils in spandrels / +XP'C: VInCIT: XP'C: RЄGNAT: XP'C: INPЄRAT (double annulet stops), cross fleurée with voided quatrefoil in center and at the ends of the limbs, leaves in angles; all within a quadrilobe with trefoils in spandrels. A somewhat lesser-seen Dutch imitative type, whose ultimate inspiration clearly stems from the Ecu d'Or a la chaise of Philippe VI of France. Unbent and almost perfectly round, it is quite easy to say that this pieces ranks near the upper end of its grade as assigned by NGC."

The fourth specimen was lot 1245 in Jean Elsen sale 154 (Brussels, March 2023), where it sold for €1,800 (about US$2,331 including buyer's fees). The catalog description[4] noted,

"BRABANT, Duché, Jean III (1312-1355), AV chaise d'or à l'écu, à partir de novembre 1338, Anvers. Au titre de Louis de Bavière, empereur (1317-1347). D/ L'empereur trônant de f. dans une stalle gothique, ten. une épée et l'écu impérial. R/ Croix fleuronnée dans un quadrilobe orné de fleurons. Très Beau à Superbe. (duchy of Brabant, John III, 1312-55, gold chair with the shield, struck after November 1338, Antwerp mint, in the name of Louis of Bavaria, emperor 1317-47. Obverse: the emperor enthroned, facing, under a Gothic stall, holding a a sword and the imperial arms; reverse: floriate cross in a quadrilobe decorated with florets. the Very Fine - Extremely Fine.)"

Altho this coin is traditionally catalogued under Bavaria, it was struck and used in Brabant, at the time a much more economically developed province.

Recorded mintage: unknown but scarce.

Specification: gold, the first specimen 4,51 g; the second specimen 4.47 g; the third specimen 4.43 g, the fourth specimen 4,49 g.

Catalog reference: Fr-176 (Bavaria), Fr-4 (Brabant); Ghyssens p. 13, 6; W. 375; Delm-223; De Mey-290; Witt. 66 ff.

Source:

  • Delmonte, A., Le Bénélux D'or, Amsterdam: Jacques Schulman N.V., 1964, with supplements to 1977.
  • Friedberg, Arthur L. and Ira S. Friedberg, Gold Coins of the World, From Ancient Times to the Present, 9th ed., Clifton, NJ: Coin and Currency Institute, 2017.
  • [1]Künker Münzauktionen und Goldhandel, Catalog 264, Gold coins | Russian Coins and Medals | German Coins after 1871, Osnabrück: Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co., AG, 2015.
  • [2]Ponterio, Richard, Kyle Ponterio, John Kraljevich and Cris Chatigny, The January 2018 NYINC Sale: Ancient Coins, World Coins & Paper Money, featuring the Eldorado Collection of Colombian and Ecuadorian Coins, Santa Ana, CA: Stack's Bowers LLC, 2017.
  • [3]Cristiano Bierrenbach, Warren Tucker and Sam Spiegel, The Brittany Collection of French Coins Showcase Auction #61253, Dallas, TX: Heritage Auction Galleries, 2021.
  • [4]Elsen, Philippe, et al., Vente Publique 154, Trouvaille de Labuissière, Brussels: Jean Elsen et ses Fils S.A., 2023.

Link to:

Retrieved from "https://coinvarieties.com/index.php?title=Bavaria_(1338)_chaise_d%27or_Fr-176&oldid=392877"